Spodumene is a chain-structured silicate belonging to the monoclinic pyroxene family of minerals. It is mainly produced in pegmatite granites, and its origins include the United States, Brazil, Australia, Canada, and Xinjiang, China. It is mostly grayish white, green, dark green, or yellow, with a glassy luster. The crystals are short columnar or plate-shaped, and the vertical crystal faces have crystal face stripes. There are often trace amounts of sodium, calcium, and magnesium, and occasionally chromium, rare earths, helium, and cesium.

In terms of hardness, its Mohs hardness is about 6.5-7, which is relatively high. This determines that it is necessary to select appropriate crushing and grinding equipment before mineral processing to dissociate spodumene from gangue minerals effectively. The density is about 3.03-3.22g/cm³, different from some gangue minerals. At this time, gravity separation is often used to achieve initial enrichment of spodumene through density difference. At the same time, its hardness and density also affect the control of grinding fineness during flotation. If the grinding is too fine, it may lead to over-crushing and affect the flotation effect; if the grinding is too coarse, the mineral dissociation is insufficient, reducing the lithium recovery rate.